YTTERBIUM CHLORIDE, HYDROUS
YTTERBIUM(III) CHLORIDE HYDRATE
CAS: 19423-87-1
Molecular Formula: Cl3H2OYb
YTTERBIUM CHLORIDE, HYDROUS - Names and Identifiers
YTTERBIUM CHLORIDE, HYDROUS - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Cl3H2OYb |
| Molar Mass | 297.41 |
| Density | 2,575 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 180°C (dec.) |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in water. |
| Appearance | Wet Crystalline Aggregates |
| Specific Gravity | 2.58 |
| Color | White |
| Merck | 14,10105 |
| Storage Condition | Room Temprature |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Ytterbium chloride green orthorhombic crystal, deliquescent. The relative density is 2.58, and the crystal water becomes hydrate-free when heated to 180 ℃. Both are easily soluble in water or absolute ethanol. Heat the solid mixture of ytterbium oxide and ammonium chloride to 300 ℃ to produce anhydrous ytterbium chloride. |
YTTERBIUM CHLORIDE, HYDROUS - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37/39 - Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. |
| TSCA | Yes |
YTTERBIUM CHLORIDE, HYDROUS - Reference Information
| Physical and chemical properties | Ytterbium chloride green orthorhombic crystal, deliquescent. The relative density is 2.58, and the crystal water becomes hydrate-free when heated to 180 ℃. Both are easily soluble in water or absolute ethanol. Heat the solid mixture of ytterbium oxide and ammonium chloride to 300 ℃ to produce anhydrous ytterbium chloride. |
| preparation method | ytterbium chloride can be prepared by reacting Yb2O3 with carbon tetrachloride or hot hydrochloric acid. Other methods include: 1)HCl solution/ammonium chloride method 2) Trimethylsilane chloride dehydration hydration YbCl3 3) The fine metal powder in a closed test tube reacts with mercury chloride at high temperature. |
| application and development prospects | catalyze the ring-forming reaction of acrylate and furan: using rare earth Lewis acid ytterbium trichloride as catalyst to catalyze the Diels-Alder-forming reaction of acrylate and furan, ytterbium trichloride can smoothly catalyze the Diels-Alder-forming reaction of acrylate and furan under mild conditions, A good yield is obtained. At the same time, by adjusting the reaction conditions, the stereoselectivity of the reaction to generate internal and external products can be conveniently controlled. The increase of catalyst dosage, the extension of reaction time and the increase of temperature within a certain range are beneficial to the improvement of product yield. On the other hand, under certain conditions, the relative extension of reaction time, the decrease of temperature and the decrease of catalyst dosage are beneficial to the formation of internal products. The heavy rare earth chloride ytterbium trichloride is much better than the light rare earth chloride samarium trichloride in terms of product yield and stereoselectivity. This may be because the Lewis acidity of ytterbium trichloride is stronger than that of samarium trichloride. The reaction temperature from 20 ℃ to 0 ℃ is very beneficial to the formation of internal products, and the promotion effect of low temperature on achieving higher stereoselectivity is very obvious. The mutual conversion between product isomers is one of the important factors affecting the stereoselectivity of the product. Generally speaking, the internal product is controlled by kinetics, the external product is controlled by thermodynamics, and the thermal stability of the external product is generally good, so the isomerization of the product is usually converted from the internal type to the external type. When the product is placed in an environment of 0 ℃ for 10 days according to a certain endo/exo ratio, the proportion of internal products is found to be increased when no product decomposition is found in the detection, which indicates that there is an external inward isomerization in the reaction. This special isomerization may be related to the larger stereosteric hindrance of the exterior product. Literature [8,9] has also reported that in similar cyclopentadiene Diels-Alder reactions, the presence of cyclopentadiene methylene increases the stereosteric hindrance of the external product, thus increasing the internal product. The catalyst was added to the product with a certain endo/exo ratio and placed at -5 ℃ for 24 hours. When the product decomposition was not found in the detection, it was found that the appearance of the product increased, which indicated that the configuration of the product could be catalyzed by ytterbium trichloride. We believe that ytterbium trichloride makes it easy to form enol form by complexing the oxygen on the carbonyl group of the product, thus making it possible to convert the inner form to the outer form. |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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CAS: 19423-87-1
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